Microtechnology-Based Energy and Chemical Systems will most likely employ combustion for driving processes such as vapor generation and vapor barrier, endothermic chemical reactions, and (most notably) fuel reforming. Both fuel reformers and combustors will be of a miniature design relying on embedded catalysts for promoting chemical reactions at moderate temperatures (350–7501C). Many potential configurations exist depending on the application and constraints on the design. Microchannel arrays are a potential configuration; mesh and post architecture is another to achieve the desired surface area and small diffusional lengths necessary. (more…)
Fuel cells are direct energy conversion devices that combine two reactants to produce electrical power. The reactants are typic ...
Mixing is a process where two or more liquids or gas phase components are brought together and combined to form a uniform compositi ...
Heat-actuated heat pumps are cooling systems requiring no electricity for operation. Rather, a heat source is used, avoiding the ne ...
Many characteristics of traditional engines make them attractive for use in power generation and propulsion technology. They tend t ...
The most fundamental process from an energy systems standpoint is heat transfer to (or from) a working fluid. This unit operation t ...
The energy efficiencies of various fuel production pathways from well to pump. The efficiencies shown are defined as the energy in a given fuel (available at pumps in vehicle refueling stations) divided by total energy inputs during all Well-to-Pump activities, including the energy content of the fuel. One way to interpret the Well-to-Pump efficiencies in the figure is as the difference between 100% and the energy efficiencies, which roughly represent energy losses during Well-to-Pump stages for making a given fuel available at the pump. As stated in Section 3, Well-to-Pump activities include biomass feedstock production; feedstock transportation and storage; fuel production; and fuel transportation, storage, and distribution. (more…)
The combination of well-to-pump results and the energy use and emissions associated with vehicle operation (also called the pum ...
It shows Well-to-Wheels Greenhouse Gas emissions of the 23 vehicle/fuel systems. For each system, the bottom bar represents CO2 ...
Because different studies have different system boundaries and parametric assumptions, the studies described in Section 7 resulted ...
There are different types of vehicle propulsion systems and the transportation fuels that have been studied for their potential ...
At present, in the United States and worldwide, motor vehicles are fueled almost exclusively by petroleum based gasoline (or re ...
There are different types of vehicle propulsion systems and the transportation fuels that have been studied for their potential to power the vehicles. Gasoline, CNG, LNG, LPG, methanol, ethanol, and hydrogen can be used in vehicles equipped with conventional spark-ignition (SI) engines. Interest in developing efficient, low-emission, spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) engine technologies has heightened in recent years. (more…)
The combination of well-to-pump results and the energy use and emissions associated with vehicle operation (also called the pum ...
It shows Well-to-Wheels Greenhouse Gas emissions of the 23 vehicle/fuel systems. For each system, the bottom bar represents CO2 ...
The spark-ignition and compression-ignition engine and internal combustion engines technologies that are currently employed in ...
The commercialization prospects for fuel cell vehicles depend not only on their performance and cost, but also on how well th ...
At present, in the United States and worldwide, motor vehicles are fueled almost exclusively by petroleum based gasoline (or re ...
Researchers at the Institute of Chemical Technology have developed a new catalyst that allows to obtain, from bioethanol, hydrogen for direct use in fuel cells.
According to the researchers note the ITQ, the new catalyst is a new step towards the sustainable production of hydrogen with “interesting applications”, for example, buses, trains or trams based fuel cells.
It is an active catalyst at low temperatures, high selectivity to hydrogen production water and low carbon monoxide and methane. These three features can improve both energy and economic efficiency of hydrogen production process. “Hydrogen is currently produced by steam reforming of natural gas that operates at 900 º C, compared to 350 º C to working our catalyst, leading to a major energy savings,” said Antonio Chica, a researcher at the ITQ.
Likewise, the catalyst developed by the ITQ produced “very little” carbon monoxide, which means “breakthrough”, mainly to ensure optimal performance of the fuel cell because the CO is causing the malfunction of the batteries.
Also get “significant benefit” to the process of producing high purity hydrogen because it would involve the partial or total removal of one of the most expensive in the process units (units that use catalysts that are fairly expensive and aimed at the removal of CO by water displacement reactions and preferential oxidation). Similarly, the final stage of purification is simplified both in terms of energy and technology, which would mean “a considerable cost savings,” he said.
“The catalyst that we have developed could have interesting applications in industrial production of hydrogen. It has proven its efficiency in the laboratory, through the study of plant-level scale pilot will have to confirm the good results obtained so far, “said Girl.
The issues of hydrogen storage run through the hydrogen production, hydrogen transport, supply and demand for end use of hydrog ...
The hydrogen can come from various sources including fossil fuels, wind, solar, biomass, nuclear, solar thermo-chemical reactio ...
With ethanol’s future uncertain, many commentators see the transportation debate evolving into a war between two other technologies ...
Hydrogen has many applications when it comes to fuel. It can be used both in internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells. ...
Fuel cells are typically classified according to type of electrolyte. While many varieties of fuel cells have been demonstrated ...
The pilot plant for carbon dioxide capture and hydrogen production using combined cycle ELCOGAS Puertollano “will be the first in the world is put into operation next March.”
There is another similar initiative, CO2 capture in a power of the same technology, Buggenum (Netherlands), but construction is delayed by six months regarding the central of Puertollano, according to the company ELCOGAS in a press release. (more…)
Researchers at the Institute of Chemical Technology have developed a new catalyst that allows to obtain, from bioethanol, hydrogen ...
The quantification of the actual reduction in green house gases sourcess emissions resulting from the substitution of fossil fu ...
The hydrogen can come from various sources including fossil fuels, wind, solar, biomass, nuclear, solar thermo-chemical reactio ...
Coal is an important energy source and energy consumption in United States as well as worldwide. It will remain so for many yea ...
Natural gas and oil are common source energy used to give electricity. How efficient is coal if we compare to these other source of ...
Most production systems try to become first full-scale production begins as small toys and devices of concept. The Horizon hydrogen car is an example.
Many people are aware of the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. One of the main culprits, of course, are emissions from automotive. (more…)
Hydrogen has many applications when it comes to fuel. It can be used both in internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells. ...
With ethanol’s future uncertain, many commentators see the transportation debate evolving into a war between two other technologies ...
The most commonly researched and most developed application of using hydrogen as a fuel source is in conjunction with a hydrogen fu ...
Mercedes-Benz presented at Geneva Style F800 Concept (the F stands for Mercedes: technology, design and art), a prototype that ...
Most alternative fuel vehicles on the road today were originally designed for gasoline, but converted for use with an alternative f ...
The issues of hydrogen storage run through the hydrogen production, hydrogen transport, supply and demand for end use of hydrogen as an energy sources. (more…)
With ethanol’s future uncertain, many commentators see the transportation debate evolving into a war between two other technologies ...
Hydrogen has many applications when it comes to fuel. It can be used both in internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells. ...
Scientists at the Carnegie Institution have found that using a high pressure can create a very unique material for storing hydr ...
Most production systems try to become first full-scale production begins as small toys and devices of concept. The Horizon hydr ...
Researchers at the Institute of Chemical Technology have developed a new catalyst that allows to obtain, from bioethanol, hydrogen ...
An important element for the entire infrastructure of hydrogen energy infrastructure is having hydrogen delivery system the safely and efficiently deliver hydrogen from productions sites to end stations. Hydrogen delivery methods are varying widely, most of them depend on the hydrogen production method and end use. Currently, hydrogen is transferred to a limited number of production plants by using pipeline or transported by road via cylinders, tube trailers. (more…)
The issues of hydrogen storage run through the hydrogen production, hydrogen transport, supply and demand for end use of hydrog ...
Hydrogen has many applications when it comes to fuel. It can be used both in internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells. ...
With ethanol’s future uncertain, many commentators see the transportation debate evolving into a war between two other technologies ...
Scientists at the Carnegie Institution have found that using a high pressure can create a very unique material for storing hydr ...
All of today’s hydrogen conversion products, demonstration models, and prototypes possess some deficiencies; they cannot yet pr ...
The hydrogen can come from various sources including fossil fuels, wind, solar, biomass, nuclear, solar thermo-chemical reactions, and solar photolysis. (more…)
Researchers at the Institute of Chemical Technology have developed a new catalyst that allows to obtain, from bioethanol, hydrogen ...
Hydrogen has many applications when it comes to fuel. It can be used both in internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells. ...
The issues of hydrogen storage run through the hydrogen production, hydrogen transport, supply and demand for end use of hydrog ...
Most production systems try to become first full-scale production begins as small toys and devices of concept. The Horizon hydr ...
With ethanol’s future uncertain, many commentators see the transportation debate evolving into a war between two other technologies ...