Geographers researching the development of nuclear power have shifted emphasis from commercialization, cost, risk, public acceptance, and power plant siting in the 1950s through the early 1980s to reactor decommissioning and radioactive waste disposal since then. With nuclear power development on hold in most countries, attention has also been given to nuclear weapons facilities and weapons proliferation in an increasingly dangerous world. (more…)
Nuclear fission and fusion Research and Development continues to account for nearly half of the total spending by IEA countries, al ...
Sir Arthur Eddington’s general address on subatomic energy at the 1930 World Power Conference in Berlin stirred the imagination of ...
Although technology change (usually involving an improvement in energy efficiency) is not inherently a geographic process, it does ...
World energy use has increased steadily over the past several decades. Much of the growth in world energy consumption has been ...
Renewable energy sources cannot run out and causes so little damage to the environment that its use does not need to be restric ...
The age of industrialization came into full force through the modern exploration and use of fossil fuels. As one of its most striking phenomena, the rapid expansion of cities throughout the late 19th and the 20th centuries was a direct outcome of the fossil fuel energy economy as well. (more…)
The aim is to work with cities in advancing renewable energy technologies and systems and to help promote the renewable energy indu ...
The Solar City approach originally emerged from a new generation of International Energy Agency (IEA) energy research and developme ...
In the absence of useful and established patterns of practice, a search is under way for new means of reconciling local government’ ...
As a reaction to these historical perspectives, the building industry has witnessed a certain rise in design responses to regio ...
Climate change caused by the enhanced greenhouse effect is one of the most significant global environmental issues. Increased emiss ...
Cost–benefit analysis (CBA), also known as benefit–cost analysis, is rooted in applied welfare economics. It is a way of organizing and analyzing data as an aid to thinking. It provides a set of procedures for comparing benefits and costs and is traditionally associated with government intervention and with the evaluation of government action and government projects. The underlying rationale for CBA is rational choice; that is, a rational agent will weigh the costs and benefits of any proposed activity and will only undertake the activity if the benefits exceed the costs. (more…)
The first step in categorizing potential benefits and costs is determining the relevant scope of the analysis. We have concluded th ...
Energy efficiency is defined here to mean energy services provided per unit of energy input (for example, gallons of water hea ...
ISO document 14040 identifies four areas for using life cycle analysis (LCA) results: (1) identifying opportunities to improve ...
Recently, attention to energy efficiency has been gaining momentum. The attention given by policy maker is mainly due to concer ...
The question has long been not whether or not to reduce air pollution, but by how much and by what means. Since the extent of t ...
During the twentieth century, energy has become much more easily available. Most energy comes from burning fossil fuels (oil, gas, and coal). These resources are only found in certain geologic formations. (more…)
Geothermal energy is energy created by the heat of the Earth. Under the Earth’s crust lies a layer of thick, hot rock with occa ...
Wind energy comes from the mismatched heating system of the planet that runs all day and night, heated and cooled by the sun. T ...
The wind power potentially could produce 40 times more electricity than worldwide energy consumption annually, according to res ...
Magnetic power generator acted as a generator of free power because it generate electricity to power your home at free of cost to b ...
In Europe, modern renewable energy sources technologies were explored thoroughly for the first time after the oil embargo/ price cr ...
The increase in the prices of major fuels, like gasoline and diesel fuel products is a major global problems recently. Those prices are increase associated with the global economic crisis. Now, it is the ideal time to move all the focus and effort to alternative fuels for vehicles. There are different types of alternative energy sources for fuel to choose from. But the hard fact is that the areas of alternative fuels have not passed many real qualitative and quantitative surveys and breakthrough research. (more…)
Gasoline is used mainly by cars, motorcycles, and light trucks; diesel is used mainly by heavier trucks, buses, and trains. Togethe ...
Because transportation is such a large contributor to global warming, both globally and in the United States, climate and energy ex ...
The demand for alternative fuels to substitute current fossil fuels is increasing more that ever. This is because the less avai ...
There are different types of vehicle propulsion systems and the transportation fuels that have been studied for their potential ...
Most alternative fuel vehicles on the road today were originally designed for gasoline, but converted for use with an alternative f ...
Electricity is the flow of electric charge. This is happened if an electric current flow through a conductor likes copper wire. In this circumstance, the electrons flow from copper forced very slowly in one way for DC (Direct Current). In the AC (Alternating Current) the flow swings back and forth. The spreading electrical power through movement and vibration of electrons inside metallic conductors is very similar to sound waves transmitted from the vibration of air molecules. (more…)
Power consumption from electricity is an essential element of the U.S. economy since the beginning of the century. Coal power plant ...
Wind energy alongside solar energy is one form of renewable energy and its supply is abundant in earth. Most people distinguish ...
The basic processes that occur in such a system are well understood. The semiconductor electrode efficiently absorbs light, produci ...
The demand for electric energy by a community varies with the time of day and with the time of year. An electric power utility ...
Magnetic power generator acted as a generator of free power because it generate electricity to power your home at free of cost to b ...
For years it was out of desperation that observers have advised and viewed of American energy policy and geopolitical risks regarding American obsession with oil. United States have become very sensitive to permanent events in the Gulf region. But the great surprise was the American public seems quite happy to give thousands of young soldiers in a desert war against other nation with huge cost inline. (more…)
Tanker transportation and oil transport functions as an important link to facilitate the flow of oil and products from their li ...
The entire concept of energy independence revolves around using the resources within a country. Simply put, it's "Stay within ...
In the post-World War II period, until the beginning of the 1970s, oil price fluctuations were very small. From 1949 to 1970, a ...
Natural gas is the fastest growing energy source worldwide, and its share of total energy consumption, according to the EIA, is ...
Here, the sensitivity of energy demand to climate is measured two ways. The first method uses elasticities that provide simple summ ...
The hydrogen can come from various sources including fossil fuels, wind, solar, biomass, nuclear, solar thermo-chemical reactions, and solar photolysis. (more…)
Researchers at the Institute of Chemical Technology have developed a new catalyst that allows to obtain, from bioethanol, hydrogen ...
Hydrogen has many applications when it comes to fuel. It can be used both in internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells. ...
The issues of hydrogen storage run through the hydrogen production, hydrogen transport, supply and demand for end use of hydrog ...
Most production systems try to become first full-scale production begins as small toys and devices of concept. The Horizon hydr ...
With ethanol’s future uncertain, many commentators see the transportation debate evolving into a war between two other technologies ...
Photovoltaic solar energy once part of industrial phase are absolutely necessary to cut down its production costs for meaningful photovoltaic implementation in the multi energy sources. According to Reuter’s reports the prices of crystalline solar panels have declined from the 4.2 USD / Wp to the current 2USD/Wp. (more…)
The broad range of home solar energy systems are mostly known as Photovoltaic Systems (PV) or Thin Film Solar Technology. The s ...
Japan has the largest Photovoltaic installed capacity in the world as a result of the sustained investments made by the country thr ...
Today, photovoltaic cells only contribute a small proportion (approximately 0.04 percent) of total electricity in the United St ...
Nowadays, solar power have become more affordable. That makes it a viable alternative energy option for homeowners who would li ...
So you're finally tired of those exorbitant electricity bills, or, you're catching onto a "greener" way of life. Either way, solar ...
The entire concept of energy independence revolves around using the resources within a country. Simply put, it’s “Stay within your own means and stop taking help from outside”. In the United States of America, energy independence is a political agenda whereby the country would eventually, through shifts in its energy policy and technology development, approach self-sufficiency in its energy needs by producing close to the amount of energy that it consumes. If total energy possibilities are taken advantage of, presently the U.S. would be over 70% self-sufficient. (more…)
For years it was out of desperation that observers have advised and viewed of American energy policy and geopolitical risks regardi ...
Tanker transportation and oil transport functions as an important link to facilitate the flow of oil and products from their li ...
Geopolitical risk refers almost always to primary energy carriers (oil, gas, coal, uranium or renewable energy) since their loc ...
From prehistory until the Industrial Revolution, most energy sources used by humans were localized (i.e., available within 5–10 mil ...
The relationship of gross national product per capita to energy consumption per capita for most countries of the world correlat ...