In terms of aggregate health effects, household solid fuel use is currently the most important source of indoor air pollution in developing countries. Although relatively equitable economic and rural development has contributed to reducing the use of solid fuels in some settings (e.g., in some newly industrialized Asian countries), indoor air pollution is likely to remain an important health risk in poorer developing countries in the absence of successful intervention programs. More broadly, indoor air quality issues in developing countries are dynamic phenomena that require dynamic research and policy responses. (more…)
Indoor air quality (IAQ) research deals with the presence, levels, health effects, and control of physical, chemical, and biologica ...
Important research over the past few decades has illustrated that indoor air pollution and indoor smoke from solid fuel poses i ...
Smoke from biomass and coal combustion contains a large number of pollutants with known health hazards, including particulate matte ...
Exposure to indoor air pollution from the combustion of solid fuels has been implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, as a ...
Lack of access to cleaner energy and the negative outwardnesses associated with energy consumption tend to cycle of poverty for ...
Exposure to indoor air pollution from the combustion of solid fuels has been implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, as a causal agent of several diseases in developing countries. In a review of the epidemiological evidence for the health effects of indoor smoke from solid fuels, Bruce et al. concluded that, despite some methodological limitations, epidemiological studies provide compelling evidence of causality for acute respiratory infections (ARI) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This is reinforced by experimental data, studies of pathogenesis, and indirect evidence from environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and ambient air pollution studies. (more…)
Important research over the past few decades has illustrated that indoor air pollution and indoor smoke from solid fuel poses i ...
Exposure to air pollutants and air pollution problem are very high in indoor environments in developing countries. Smith has es ...
Smoke from biomass and coal combustion contains a large number of pollutants with known health hazards, including particulate matte ...
Indoor air quality (IAQ) research deals with the presence, levels, health effects, and control of physical, chemical, and biologica ...
In terms of aggregate health effects, household solid fuel use is currently the most important source of indoor air pollution i ...
Important research over the past few decades has illustrated that indoor air pollution and indoor smoke from solid fuel poses important health risks in developing countries. Unfortunately, affordable and effective interventions for reducing these risks are limited. This may be because in designing new interventions, the complexities of household energy use and exposure have been often overlooked, and there is a lack of infrastructure to support technological innovations, marketing and dissemination, and maintenance. Even less is known about combinations of technologies that may be used in a household and the factors that motivate the households to adopt them. (more…)
Exposure to indoor air pollution from the combustion of solid fuels has been implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, as a ...
Exposure to air pollutants and air pollution problem are very high in indoor environments in developing countries. Smith has es ...
Reducing exposure to indoor air pollution from household energy use can be achieved through interventions in of the following a ...
Indoor air quality (IAQ) research deals with the presence, levels, health effects, and control of physical, chemical, and biologica ...
In terms of aggregate health effects, household solid fuel use is currently the most important source of indoor air pollution i ...
Reducing exposure to indoor air pollution from household energy use can be achieved through interventions in of the following areas:
* Emissions source and energy technology (fuel– stove combination).
* Housing design and ventilation.
* Behavior and time–activity budget. (more…)
Important research over the past few decades has illustrated that indoor air pollution and indoor smoke from solid fuel poses i ...
Indoor air quality (IAQ) research deals with the presence, levels, health effects, and control of physical, chemical, and biologica ...
Exposure to air pollutants and air pollution problem are very high in indoor environments in developing countries. Smith has es ...
Lack of access to cleaner energy and the negative outwardnesses associated with energy consumption tend to cycle of poverty for ...
Coal is still used to a small extent for home heating and cooking. In the homes of more affluent nations, coal is used for recreati ...
Global energy consumption in the last half century has increased very rapidly and is expected to continue to grow over the next 50 years. However, we expect to see significant differences between the last 50 years and the next. The past increase was stimulated by relatively “cheap” fossil fuels and increased rates of industrialization in North America, Europe, and Japan; yet while energy consumption in these countries continues to increase, additional factors are making the picture for the next 50 years more complex. These additional complicating factors include the very rapid increase fuel economy in energy use in China and India (countries representing about a third of the world’s population); the expected depletion of oil resources in the not-too-distant future; and the effect of human activities on global climate change. (more…)
The relationship of gross national product per capita to energy consumption per capita for most countries of the world correlat ...
The long-term prospects for the U.K. economy are inevitably uncertain, and the most recent Department of Energy long-term proje ...
Transportation is another sector that has increased its relative share of primary energy use. This sector has serious concerns ...
The development of the ‘‘new’’ wind and solar technologies is of great importance for the future contribution of RESs to energy sup ...
To determine the effects of past climate trends on global energy consumption, the econometric equations providing the degree day el ...
Indoor air quality (IAQ) research deals with the presence, levels, health effects, and control of physical, chemical, and biological factors in indoor environments, including homes, workplaces, and vehicles. IAQ research in industrialized countries has examined hundreds of specific factors (e.g., temperature, various chemicals, and mold), sources of pollution environment (e.g., environmental tobacco smoke, occupational factors, consumer cleaning products, and moisture), and control technologies (e.g., ventilation). (more…)
Important research over the past few decades has illustrated that indoor air pollution and indoor smoke from solid fuel poses i ...
In terms of aggregate health effects, household solid fuel use is currently the most important source of indoor air pollution i ...
Exposure to air pollutants and air pollution problem are very high in indoor environments in developing countries. Smith has es ...
Reducing exposure to indoor air pollution from household energy use can be achieved through interventions in of the following a ...
Exposure to indoor air pollution from the combustion of solid fuels has been implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, as a ...
Exposure to air pollutants and air pollution problem are very high in indoor environments in developing countries. Smith has estimated that at the aggregate level (i.e., without accounting for particle size, chemical composition, and source), approximately 80% of total global exposure to airborne particulate matter occurs indoors in developing nations. Details of exposure for various household members, and the roles of both pollution and behavior (e.g., location with respect to stove and activities), have been studied and evaluated using new tools and technology. (more…)
Important research over the past few decades has illustrated that indoor air pollution and indoor smoke from solid fuel poses i ...
Exposure to indoor air pollution from the combustion of solid fuels has been implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, as a ...
Smoke from biomass and coal combustion contains a large number of pollutants with known health hazards, including particulate matte ...
Indoor air quality (IAQ) research deals with the presence, levels, health effects, and control of physical, chemical, and biologica ...
Reducing exposure to indoor air pollution from household energy use can be achieved through interventions in of the following a ...
The evidence on the environmental Kuznets curve indicates that national environmental policies differ between high-income and low-income countries, and that as a result of income growth pollution in the Northern hemisphere may be reduced over time at the cost of increasing pollution in the Southern hemisphere. There have been concerns that this process is reinforced by international trade of goods and by foreign direct investment between North and South. More stringent environmental policies in the North force pollution-intensive industries located in the North to raise their prices relative to the prices charged by firms in the South. (more…)
Statistics on national production levels and indicators of environmental pressure have been collected during the past few decad ...
The EU has a set of common rules on industries environmental permissions for industrial installations, which extend also to cover f ...
In terms of aggregate health effects, household solid fuel use is currently the most important source of indoor air pollution i ...
Lack of access to cleaner energy and the negative outwardnesses associated with energy consumption tend to cycle of poverty for ...
Geographers researching the development of nuclear power have shifted emphasis from commercialization, cost, risk, public acceptanc ...
Coal is still used to a small extent for home heating and cooking. In the homes of more affluent nations, coal is used for recreational or nostalgic reasons, rather than for routine heating and cooking. Coal stoves designed for this purpose are aesthetically attractive and are engineered for efficient operation with near-zero indoor air pollution. In contrast, coal used for cooking and heating in developing countries is burned in crude stoves with inadequate ventilation. In more developed countries, it is common to see coal source of energy. (more…)
The largest use of coal today is in the generation of electric power by electric utilities. According to the U.S. Energy Inform ...
Smoke from biomass and coal combustion contains a large number of pollutants with known health hazards, including particulate matte ...
A combination of legislation and technology has helped clean up many of the world’s coal-burning plants. Both developed and develop ...
Coal use today is no longer evocative of dirty power plants with polluting black smoke billowing from their smokestacks. Many o ...
The convention aims not only at stabilizing CO2 emissions in developed countries but also at ultimately reducing man-made CO2 emissions globally so as to stabilize the global climate. Environmental degradation cannot be singled out as an independent matter among various global issues. (more…)
Biomass has been a main energy sources in the world since the beginning of civilization. It has been important in development p ...
Over the last decade, the number of countries researching the potential of biomass and bioenergy for energy services rose rapid ...
Renewable energy sources cannot run out and causes so little damage to the environment that its use does not need to be restric ...
Estimation of the future technical potential of biomass as an energy source is dependent on assumptions with respect to land av ...
Climate change caused by the enhanced greenhouse effect is one of the most significant global environmental issues. Increased emiss ...