The long-term prospects for the U.K. economy are inevitably uncertain, and the most recent Department of Energy long-term projection puts forward three scenarios for the next 30 years with GDP growth rates of roughly 2.5, 1.5 and 0.5% p.a. The highest value corresponds to slightly less than the 1948 - 72 average, the central value is close to the long-run average over the last 80 years, and the lowest figure is similar to the performance during the current recession since 1973. (more…)
Following the recent completion of three nuclear power plants, there is now some 9.6 GW of nuclear capacity in the United Kingd ...
Global energy consumption in the last half century has increased very rapidly and is expected to continue to grow over the next ...
Most major oil and gas firms engage in both upstream (i.e., hydrocarbon exploration and production) and downstream (i.e., hydro ...
Energy is consumed by various segments of the economy, including households, commercial establishments, manufacturing enterpris ...
World energy use has increased steadily over the past several decades. Much of the growth in world energy consumption has been ...
Economists have overwhelmingly favored fuel taxes over fuel economy standards as a means to reduce fuel or gasoline consumption because taxes give maximum flexibility to both vehicle manufacturers and purchasers and because they influence fuel consumption through both fuel demand and vehicle supply by making travel more expensive (thereby reducing vehicle miles traveled) and by creating an economic incentive for manufacturers to build efficient vehicles and for consumers to purchase them. (more…)
Analysis of future light-duty transportation energy use require estimates of the impact of fuel prices on travel and fleet fuel ...
We know of no studies that have examined vehicle taxation incentives programs elsewhere in the world, but it seems likely that ...
A number of countries have vehicle tax incentives programs designed to reward purchasers and owners of alternative fuel-efficient v ...
This latter form of new car taxes can actually serve as an impediment to higher fuel economy to the extent that increased energ ...
Federal Excise Taxes placed on specific energy sources tend to reduce energy demand for these energy sources in both the short ...
Most major oil and gas firms engage in both upstream (i.e., hydrocarbon exploration and production) and downstream (i.e., hydrocarbon refining and marketing) businesses as well as related activities such as chemicals, and their R&D activities serve the needs of these businesses. During the past decade or so, the R&D spending of oil and gas firms has generally declined. According to a DOE survey, R&D spending by major energy producers within the United States declined from $3.05 billion in 1994 to $1.33 billion in 2000. Although not true of all producers internationally, the broad global trend over the past decade or so seems to be along similar lines. (more…)
Tanker transportation and oil transport functions as an important link to facilitate the flow of oil and products from their li ...
The focus of this section is on the quantitative assessment of the impact of oil price fluctuations on inflation. For that purp ...
Various provisions in the federal income tax treat energy producers more or less favorably than other businesses. By changing t ...
The evolution of oil prices is typically subject to a very high degree of uncertainty, given the extremely volatile nature of c ...
There are many possible reasons for suspecting market failure in a product like gasoline. Throughout the world, the exploration ...
Establishing the impact of climate change on energy demand requires a measure of heating and cooling requirements. In the United States, this measure is a degree day, which is defined in terms of an absolute difference between average daily temperature and 651F, which is an arbitrary benchmark for household comfort. Commercial heating degree days are incurred when outside temperatures are below 651F, generally during the winter heating season from October through March. (more…)
Here, the sensitivity of energy demand to climate is measured two ways. The first method uses elasticities that provide simple summ ...
To determine the effects of past climate trends on global energy consumption, the econometric equations providing the degree day el ...
Energy is consumed by various segments of the economy, including households, commercial establishments, manufacturing enterpris ...
Although the focus of many policy studies of climate change is on establishing the causal links between anthropogenic systems, emis ...
Climatologists generally agree that there is accumulating evidence that a warming trend has been occurring since the mid-1960s. The ...
The primary purpose of all forms of taxation, whether on energy or on non-energy items, is to raise money for the government to finance its expenditures. Taxes finance the majority of government expenditure (the rest being financed by borrowing, which will have to be repaid from future taxation) so that the general level of taxation is determined by the requirements for government spending. However, the same total revenue can be raised by many different combinations of taxes, so that the tax rates on individual items and groups of items can be adjusted to reflect other criteria. (more…)
Taxation of energy in the United States, the federal government does not impose an energy tax or a general sales tax that is br ...
Economists have overwhelmingly favored fuel taxes over fuel economy standards as a means to reduce fuel or gasoline consumption ...
A number of countries have vehicle tax incentives programs designed to reward purchasers and owners of alternative fuel-efficient v ...
Federal Excise Taxes placed on specific energy sources tend to reduce energy demand for these energy sources in both the short ...
We know of no studies that have examined vehicle taxation incentives programs elsewhere in the world, but it seems likely that ...
Here, the sensitivity of energy demand to climate is measured two ways. The first method uses elasticities that provide simple summary measures of how departures from normal temperatures affect energy consumption. The second approach, reported in the following section, uses econometric simulation to estimate how climate changes affect energy demand. (more…)
To determine the effects of past climate trends on global energy consumption, the econometric equations providing the degree day el ...
Establishing the impact of climate change on energy demand requires a measure of heating and cooling requirements. In the United St ...
Energy is consumed by various segments of the economy, including households, commercial establishments, manufacturing enterpris ...
Climatologists generally agree that there is accumulating evidence that a warming trend has been occurring since the mid-1960s. The ...
Although the focus of many policy studies of climate change is on establishing the causal links between anthropogenic systems, emis ...
The gradual change in the energy consumption pattern of the United States from 1860 to 1990. In the mid-1800s, biomass, principally woody biomass, supplied over 90% of U.S. energy and fuel needs, after which energy biomass consumption began to decrease as fossil fuels became the preferred energy resources. For many years, a safe illuminant had been sought as a less expensive substitute for whale oils. (more…)
The relationship of gross national product per capita to energy consumption per capita for most countries of the world correlat ...
The most widespread and practical process for capture solar radiation as organic fuels is the growth of virgin biomass. Extreme ...
The hydrogen can come from various sources including fossil fuels, wind, solar, biomass, nuclear, solar thermo-chemical reactio ...
Power consumption from electricity is an essential element of the U.S. economy since the beginning of the century. Coal power plant ...
Natural gas and oil are common source energy used to give electricity. How efficient is coal if we compare to these other source of ...
To determine the effects of past climate trends on global energy consumption, the econometric equations providing the degree day elasticities reported previously are combined into an econometric simulation model. The endogenous variables determined by the model include energy demand in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the U.S. economy and the derived demand for primary fuels used in electric power generation. (more…)
Here, the sensitivity of energy demand to climate is measured two ways. The first method uses elasticities that provide simple summ ...
Establishing the impact of climate change on energy demand requires a measure of heating and cooling requirements. In the United St ...
Energy is consumed by various segments of the economy, including households, commercial establishments, manufacturing enterpris ...
Climatologists generally agree that there is accumulating evidence that a warming trend has been occurring since the mid-1960s. The ...
Although the focus of many policy studies of climate change is on establishing the causal links between anthropogenic systems, emis ...
For years it was out of desperation that observers have advised and viewed of American energy policy and geopolitical risks regarding American obsession with oil. United States have become very sensitive to permanent events in the Gulf region. But the great surprise was the American public seems quite happy to give thousands of young soldiers in a desert war against other nation with huge cost inline. (more…)
Tanker transportation and oil transport functions as an important link to facilitate the flow of oil and products from their li ...
The entire concept of energy independence revolves around using the resources within a country. Simply put, it's "Stay within ...
In the post-World War II period, until the beginning of the 1970s, oil price fluctuations were very small. From 1949 to 1970, a ...
Natural gas is the fastest growing energy source worldwide, and its share of total energy consumption, according to the EIA, is ...
Here, the sensitivity of energy demand to climate is measured two ways. The first method uses elasticities that provide simple summ ...
The most widespread and practical process for capture solar radiation as organic fuels is the growth of virgin biomass. Extremely large quantities of carbon are fixed each year in the form of terrestrial and aquatic biomass. (more…)
Another large source of renewable carbon supplies is waste biomass. It consists of a wide range of materials and includes munic ...
Another large source of renewable carbon supplies is waste biomass. It consists of a wide range of materials and includes munic ...
The future development of energy crops, to the level at which they would replace residues as the major bioenergy fuel source, will ...
The hydrogen can come from various sources including fossil fuels, wind, solar, biomass, nuclear, solar thermo-chemical reactio ...
The accumulation of carbon within a forest growth cycle can be considered in four stages. The initial establishment stage involves ...