At present, in the United States and worldwide, motor vehicles are fueled almost exclusively by petroleum based gasoline (or reformulated gasoline) and diesel fuels. Since the first oil price shock in 1973, efforts have been made to seek alternative fuels to displace gasoline and diesel fuels and achieve energy and environmental benefits. Some of the alternative fuels that have been researched and used are liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), methanol (MeOH), dimethyl ether (DME), Fischer– Tropsch diesel (FTD), hydrogen (H 2 ), ethanol (EtOH), biodiesel, and electricity. Production processes associated with gasoline, diesel, and each of these alternative fuels differ. (more…)
There are different types of vehicle propulsion systems and the transportation fuels that have been studied for their potential ...
Gasoline is used mainly by cars, motorcycles, and light trucks; diesel is used mainly by heavier trucks, buses, and trains. Togethe ...
The energy efficiencies of various fuel production pathways from well to pump. The efficiencies shown are defined as the energy ...
The United States depends heavily on imported oil to fuel its transportation infrastructure. The use of alternative fuel derive ...
Most alternative fuel vehicles on the road today were originally designed for gasoline, but converted for use with an alternative f ...
For every 100 units of biodiesel fuel produced using this method, there are 11 units of glycerin as a by-product. Glycerin is used in such products as hand creams, toothpaste, and lubricants. Another biodiesel production process in limited use involves cold-pressed rapeseed oil, but no glycerin by-product is produced. Alternatively, unprocessed vegetable oils can be used in modified diesel engines. Such engines have limited production and are therefore more expensive, although their numbers are increasing in Europe. (more…)
Two factors have contributed to an aggressive expansion of the European biodiesel industry. Reform of the Common Agricultural P ...
Biodiesel is an ester that can be made from substances such as vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel can either be used in ...
In 1998, several initiatives were implemented in Brazil, aiming to introduce biodiesel into the Brazilian energy matrix. The in ...
The United States depends heavily on imported oil to fuel its transportation infrastructure. The use of alternative fuel derive ...
Researchers at the University of Cádiz (UCA) propose a technological change in the current process onhow to make biodiesel mo ...
Agricultural and forestry residues provide the largest proportion of biomass used for the production of biomas bioenergy. Some estimates suggest that globally available biomass role in the form of recoverable residues represents about 40 Ejyr -1, enough to meet 10% of the total present energy use of 406 Ejyr -1 . However, realizing this potential is limited by factors such as ease and cost of recovery and environmental concerns relating to sustainable land use practices. (more…)
Estimation of the future technical potential of biomass as an energy source is dependent on assumptions with respect to land av ...
The quantification of the actual reduction in green house gases sourcess emissions resulting from the substitution of fossil fu ...
Bioenergy produced from biomass is sometimes called a carbon-neutral energy source, because the same quantity of carbon released wh ...
To date, most discussion and research relating to the various of biomass role in mitigating CO2 emissions has been focused around i ...
Another large source of renewable carbon supplies is waste biomass. It consists of a wide range of materials and includes munic ...
Researchers at the University of Cádiz (UCA) propose a technological change in the current process onhow to make biodiesel more efficient and in harmony with the environment. The Department of Innovation, Science and Enterprise has financed the project of excellence ‘Development of a monolithic catalyst alumina / aluminum for the production of biodiesel’ with 62,000 euros. (more…)
Biodiesel is an ester that can be made from substances such as vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel can either be used in ...
Two factors have contributed to an aggressive expansion of the European biodiesel industry. Reform of the Common Agricultural P ...
The United States depends heavily on imported oil to fuel its transportation infrastructure. The use of alternative fuel derive ...
For every 100 units of biodiesel fuel produced using this method, there are 11 units of glycerin as a by-product. Glycerin is u ...
Biodiesel is diesel fuel made from renewable sources of carbon such as used vegetable oil or animal fats used in cooking. In di ...
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Biodiesel is diesel fuel made from renewable sources of carbon such as used vegetable oil or animal fats used in cooking. In diesel engines it can be used as a direct substitute for petrodiesel fuel made from petroleum.
Biodiesel is clear amber liquid. Its consistency is similar to that of petrodiesel. Biodiesel fuel can be used on its own in a diesel engine or mixed with petrodiesel. Some people mix small amounts of biodiesel into gasoline (gasoline additive) to decrease its air-pollution qualities. (more…)
Biodiesel is an ester that can be made from substances such as vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel can either be used in ...
Biodiesel has many benefits. It is very easy to substitute for petrodiesel. Employees do not need special training to use it an ...
In 1998, several initiatives were implemented in Brazil, aiming to introduce biodiesel into the Brazilian energy matrix. The in ...
The United States depends heavily on imported oil to fuel its transportation infrastructure. The use of alternative fuel derive ...
For every 100 units of biodiesel fuel produced using this method, there are 11 units of glycerin as a by-product. Glycerin is u ...
Biodiesel has many benefits. It is very easy to substitute for petrodiesel. Employees do not need special training to use it and no equipment needs to be modified. Unlike petrodiesel, biodiesel will not catch fire or explode. It is not poisonous to humans. It is completely biodegradable materials (capable of being broken down into harmless products). It is environmentally much cleaner than petrodiesel. (more…)
Biodiesel is diesel fuel made from renewable sources of carbon such as used vegetable oil or animal fats used in cooking. In di ...
Biodiesel is an ester that can be made from substances such as vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel can either be used in ...
The United States depends heavily on imported oil to fuel its transportation infrastructure. The use of alternative fuel derive ...
Two factors have contributed to an aggressive expansion of the European biodiesel industry. Reform of the Common Agricultural P ...
In 1998, several initiatives were implemented in Brazil, aiming to introduce biodiesel into the Brazilian energy matrix. The in ...