Geographers researching the development of nuclear power have shifted emphasis from commercialization, cost, risk, public acceptance, and power plant siting in the 1950s through the early 1980s to reactor decommissioning and radioactive waste disposal since then. With nuclear power development on hold in most countries, attention has also been given to nuclear weapons facilities and weapons proliferation in an increasingly dangerous world. (more…)
Nuclear fission and fusion Research and Development continues to account for nearly half of the total spending by IEA countries, al ...
Sir Arthur Eddington’s general address on subatomic energy at the 1930 World Power Conference in Berlin stirred the imagination of ...
Although technology change (usually involving an improvement in energy efficiency) is not inherently a geographic process, it does ...
World energy use has increased steadily over the past several decades. Much of the growth in world energy consumption has been ...
Renewable energy sources cannot run out and causes so little damage to the environment that its use does not need to be restric ...
The operation of electric power systems in the 1970s was a vertically integrated activity with a strongly monopolistic character and with a public acceptance energy supply service obligation in their location area. Their activities were under the scrutiny of a regulatory authority accountable, directly or indirectly, to the government. (more…)
Public acceptance (PA) clusters are defined by a number of rather intangible commonalties dealing with social values and public ...
Not surprisingly, most Energy Research and Development takes place in industrialized countries where both the public and private se ...
This liberalization is aimed at introducing supply competition in the electricity and gas price markets. Competition is supposed to ...
The aim of this broad sweep through the area of energy innovation, highlighting the main actors, activities, policies, institutions ...
Electric and gas utilities’ Research & Development activities deal nearly exclusively with energy conversion, distribution, and ene ...
Not surprisingly, most Energy Research and Development takes place in industrialized countries where both the public and private sectors are involved in the development of energy technologies. Given that most energy technologies are deployed through the marketplace, the predominant focus of Energy Research and Development is within firms. Still, governments have historically played an important role in the Research and Development of new energy technologies through direct financial support (e.g., gas turbines) as well as through policies that promote Energy Research and Development within firms. (more…)
Government expenditures on energy R&D, energy conservation have risen steadily over the past decade, but only two countries, Japan ...
The aim of this broad sweep through the area of energy innovation, highlighting the main actors, activities, policies, institutions ...
Nuclear fission and fusion Research and Development continues to account for nearly half of the total spending by IEA countries, al ...
Fossil fuels, had a broader impact in current society, still oil is the one that have far reaching effect. Oil, in all its forms is ...
Electric and gas utilities’ Research & Development activities deal nearly exclusively with energy conversion, distribution, and ene ...
Advances in biomass feedstock production are extremely important. These advances have the potential for reducing the final cost of biofuels, power, and products. In addition, advances will allow the production of plants, trees, and residues with characteristics increasingly well suited for feedstocks. For example, genetically engineered plants feedstocks may allow higher yields of usable biomass per acre for fuel and other uses. New methods in erosion control, fertilization, and pre-processing can result in (more…)
The future development of energy crops, to the level at which they would replace residues as the major bioenergy fuel source, will ...
Gasification is a thermo chemical process that has been exploited for more than a century for converting solid feedstocks to ga ...
Estimation of the future technical potential of biomass as an energy source is dependent on assumptions with respect to land av ...
The quantification of the actual reduction in green house gases sourcess emissions resulting from the substitution of fossil fu ...
Over the last decade, the number of countries researching the potential of biomass and bioenergy for energy services rose rapid ...
Public acceptance (PA) clusters are defined by a number of rather intangible commonalties dealing with social values and public preferences. Societal values influencing the public acceptance of energy technologies include the following:
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The internalization of environmental external costs. In this respect, all energy technologies with high SO2 emission intensities form the acidification cluster; (more…)
10 benefits of Solar Energy: No 1 Solar energy is renewable. We never have to worry about running out of sunlight or usi ...
If water is put on the floor on a cleaning operation, it tends to dry rapidly after a short time. In this position, we say that ...
The first step in categorizing potential benefits and costs is determining the relevant scope of the analysis. We have concluded th ...
Natural gas is found mainly in underground reservoirs and in coal beds. Natural gas is a fossil fuel that consist primarily of ...
Extensive insulation repairs are usually done by contractors having the specific skills and equipment appropriate to the type o ...
Biomass has been a main energy sources in the world since the beginning of civilization. It has been important in development processes, including early stages of industrialization in several countries. In Sweden, for example, the first concerns about preservation date from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, resulting from the recognition of the central role played by forests in energy provision. Biomass was also essential in the initial development of the iron industry in Sweden and, later on, the same happened in Brazil, where charcoal is still largely utilized in iron reduction. Biomass remains a major source of energy in many countries. (more…)
Over the last decade, the number of countries researching the potential of biomass and bioenergy for energy services rose rapid ...
The convention aims not only at stabilizing CO2 emissions in developed countries but also at ultimately reducing man-made CO2 e ...
Indoor air quality (IAQ) research deals with the presence, levels, health effects, and control of physical, chemical, and biologica ...
The relationship of gross national product per capita to energy consumption per capita for most countries of the world correlat ...
Bioenergy produced from biomass is sometimes called a carbon-neutral energy source, because the same quantity of carbon released wh ...