Lack of access to cleaner energy and the negative outwardnesses associated with energy consumption tend to cycle of poverty for poor households in developing countries. Because the poor lack access to, and often can not to afford cleaner and higher quality fuels and electricity and are therefore dependent on poor and inefficient burning biofuels such as wood and dung. The interesting facts are these fuels are often gathered and collected by women and children and lead to high opportunity costs will be collected for these people who are often transported long distances to collect and dispose of sufficient quantities of firewood.
Women and children tend to have the costs of health in the use of these fuels because they are mainly involved in of cooking work and spend more time indoors and therefore more pollution of indoor air with inefficient combustion related exposed the person to the efficient biofuels internal combustion. Now, there is firm evidence of links between air pollution problem and health, especially respiratory disease support including acute respiratory infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. There is also increasing prove to suggest links cataracts, tuberculosis, asthma, and possibly a lower birth weight, perinatal mortality and heart disease.
There are other external environmental costs of direct energy use by households, mainly related to the need to respect to energy transport and air pollution. Of course, the household power consumption for electricity in electricity Growth also means that drilling, environmental problems associated with coal mining, oil and gas the transportation these fuels, as well as the external costs of electricity production itself a guarantee can also be attributed to households. Indirectly, the household sector is also responsible for pollution from industry; a generation important is that household demand in the final products of these sectors.
Energy poverty is a major social concern, related to the energy consumption in developing countries. It was something about the lack of reliable sources, supply and access to sufficient quantities and qualities of energy and lack of access to certain segments of the population does. In general, social factors on patterns of household energy are largely based disparities in access and consumption in of different energies in different households. Households in rural areas in developing countries are less likely than urban areas of energy and the richer households have more choice than the poorest. In rural areas, limited decisions to the lack of access to markets more commercial for fuel and energy consuming appliances and equipment.
The choice of fuel from the local availability and transaction and opportunity costs for the purchase of fuel (mainly wood, dung and other biofuels), rather than being part of the budget constraints of households, prices and costs. In contrast to rural households, urban households more choices and greater access to modern commercial fuels, electricity and using equipment and devices and thus have more opportunities to choose one of the cleanest and most effective forms of energy.
While there is little in terms of objective and quantitative indicators of the degree of inequality between regions and between different groups of households, past literature highlights the differences between urban and rural households, and various income groups. In addition to such differences as one of the driving forces for migration to urban areas and the problems of overpopulation and poverty urban slums.
