Japan has the largest Photovoltaic installed capacity in the world as a result of the sustained investments made by the country through carefully coordinated Photovoltaic R&D and deployment, leading to a ‘‘virtuous cycle’’ among R&D, market growth, and price reduction. By the end of 2000, the total installed capacity in the country was 317 MW, of which on-grid distributed generation accounted for more than 252 MW. In 2000, Japan produced 128 MW of PV cells and 136 MW of modules, both of which were well over half of the global production. (more…)
Germany is considered a world leader in wind energy deployment, with electricity production from wind having gone up more than eigh ...
Government expenditures on energy R&D, energy conservation have risen steadily over the past decade, but only two countries, Japan ...
Photovoltaic solar energy once part of industrial phase are absolutely necessary to cut down its production costs for meaningfu ...
The broad range of home solar energy systems are mostly known as Photovoltaic Systems (PV) or Thin Film Solar Technology. The s ...
Not surprisingly, most Energy Research and Development takes place in industrialized countries where both the public and private se ...
Germany is considered a world leader in wind energy deployment, with electricity production from wind having gone up more than eightfold—from 670 to more than 5500 GWh—between 1993 and 1999. In 1999, Germany had more than 4000 MW installed capacity. The prices also declined substantially over this period, indicating a learning rate of approximately 8%, and it is estimated that for each deutschemark (DM) spent by the government in subsidizing learning, market actors provided 2.1 DM. Furthermore, the manufacturing base for wind energy technologies, including indigenous firms as well as joint ventures, continues to expand in Germany. (more…)
In 2001, there were 14,000 small wind turbines for home/domestic use in the United States. The market potential for national an ...
Designers in China have launched the first wind turbine levitating in the world of permanent magnetic levitation (Maglev) in the Wi ...
Japan has the largest Photovoltaic installed capacity in the world as a result of the sustained investments made by the country thr ...
Although technology change (usually involving an improvement in energy efficiency) is not inherently a geographic process, it does ...
In 2006, total world wind generating electricity capacity was around 72,000 MW, producing some 160 terawatt-hours (TWh) per yea ...
Government expenditures on energy R&D, energy conservation have risen steadily over the past decade, but only two countries, Japan and the United States, are responsible for the bulk of expenditures in this area. Until the mid-1990s, global conservation expenditures were more or less split equally among the transportation, industrial, and residential sectors, but during the past few years, there has been a sharp rise in industrial conservation R&D efforts. (more…)
Not surprisingly, most Energy Research and Development takes place in industrialized countries where both the public and private se ...
Nuclear fission and fusion Research and Development continues to account for nearly half of the total spending by IEA countries, al ...
The aim of this broad sweep through the area of energy innovation, highlighting the main actors, activities, policies, institutions ...
Japan has the largest Photovoltaic installed capacity in the world as a result of the sustained investments made by the country thr ...
Electric and gas utilities’ Research & Development activities deal nearly exclusively with energy conversion, distribution, and ene ...
Many readers may be unfamiliar with the way economists typically view the process of technological change, thus it is useful to first establish this common understanding. Furthermore, to understand the potential for public policy to affect energy efficiency, it is also necessary to understand the process through which technology evolves: invention, innovation, energy diffusion, and product use. (more…)
Now it is possible to move back in the process of technological change from diffusion to innovation. In the energy efficiency area, ...
The aim of this broad sweep through the area of energy innovation, highlighting the main actors, activities, policies, institutions ...
Mixing is a process where two or more liquids or gas phase components are brought together and combined to form a uniform compositi ...
Beginning at the end of the technological change process, research has consistently shown that diffusion of new, economically ...
Energy efficiency is defined here to mean energy services provided per unit of energy input (for example, gallons of water hea ...
The amount of energy consumed in the commercial sector often must be estimated as a fraction of energy use in the combined residential and commercial sectors; national energy use in buildings is often tracked within the major sectors, categorized as industrial, transportation, and ‘‘other,’’ with residential and commercial buildings aggregated and accounting for most of the energy use in this ‘‘other’’ sector. Thus some quick checks on world total energy consumption are useful. The units used to sum world energy use are not easily comprehended by most people, so the important knowledge to retain is the relative values. (more…)
Current forecasts call for solid growth in world energy use over the next 20 years, potentially increasing 60% above current energy ...
Energy performance ratings tell what the energy performance of a building is, but if the energy performance of a building is to be ...
As the need for energy efficiency becomes more pronounced, the drive toward efficiency in the commercial sector will be impeded by ...
Here, the sensitivity of energy demand to climate is measured two ways. The first method uses elasticities that provide simple summ ...
Interest in rating the real-life energy performance of buildings has increased in recent years, and the real life efficiency perfor ...
With popularity of clean energy, the reduction of carbon and the movement toward earth friendliness, it seems that investment in alternative energy fund would be virtually no risk. But like any new industry, there is no guarantee that all sectors of the market will be successful. Since the technology bubble, which began in the early and mid 90s the market for alternative energy will soon separate winners from losers. If you are lucky or wise enough to choose an achiever, you soon will be getting great gain in your investment. On the other hand, losses are for those who have taken up the approximation that was not well received by the substantial market. (more…)
The increase in the prices of major fuels, like gasoline and diesel fuel products is a major global problems recently. Those pr ...
In this article, the terms clean energy is being used to take on a broad definition of the issue of new energy. Other possibili ...
Because transportation is such a large contributor to global warming, both globally and in the United States, climate and energy ex ...
Various provisions in the federal income tax treat energy producers more or less favorably than other businesses. By changing t ...
There are many possible reasons for suspecting market failure in a product like gasoline. Throughout the world, the exploration ...
Climate change caused by the enhanced greenhouse effect is one of the most significant global environmental issues. Increased emissions of GHG to the atmosphere, most notably CO2 , are considered the main cause of global climate change. Increasing energy consumption, a reliance on fossil fuels to meet these needs, and deforestation related to land use change are the main sources of increasing atmospheric CO2. (more…)
Bioenergy produced from biomass is sometimes called a carbon-neutral energy source, because the same quantity of carbon released wh ...
To date, most discussion and research relating to the various of biomass role in mitigating CO2 emissions has been focused around i ...
Ten industry giants – with business operations spanning the utilities, manufacturing, chemicals and financial-services sector – joi ...
The quantification of the actual reduction in green house gases sourcess emissions resulting from the substitution of fossil fu ...
It is of interest to examine potential sources of greenhouse gases sources or atmospheric CO2 by analysis of the global distrib ...
Bioenergy produced from biomass is sometimes called a carbon-neutral energy source, because the same quantity of carbon released when the biomass is burned is sequestered again when the crop or forest is re-grown. Referring to bioenergy as carbon neutral or having zero net emissions may be misleading; there are emissions associated with producing biomass, such as from fossil fuel used in cultivation, harvest, processing and transport, and in manufacture and construction of fuel conversion technology. (more…)
Climate change caused by the enhanced greenhouse effect is one of the most significant global environmental issues. Increased emiss ...
The quantification of the actual reduction in green house gases sourcess emissions resulting from the substitution of fossil fu ...
To date, most discussion and research relating to the various of biomass role in mitigating CO2 emissions has been focused around i ...
The future development of energy crops, to the level at which they would replace residues as the major bioenergy fuel source, will ...
Estimation of the future technical potential of biomass as an energy source is dependent on assumptions with respect to land av ...
The Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) is the EU voluntary scheme for organizations willing to commit themselves to evaluate, improve and report on their environmental performance. The EMAS is established to evaluate and improve the environmental performance of organizations and to provide relevant information to the public and other interested parties. (more…)
As energy prices increase, industries are more and more aware that energy is an expensive commodity that has to be used effic ...
ISO document 14040 identifies four areas for using life cycle analysis (LCA) results: (1) identifying opportunities to improve ...
The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is a multi-stakeholder process and independent institution whose mission is to develop ...
There are several options that, ultimately, must be integrated when attempting to realize a change in corporate culture: the legal ...
In the pursuit of superior cars, electronic products, and computing, several leading multinational corporations began in the last q ...
Establishing the impact of climate change on energy demand requires a measure of heating and cooling requirements. In the United States, this measure is a degree day, which is defined in terms of an absolute difference between average daily temperature and 651F, which is an arbitrary benchmark for household comfort. Commercial heating degree days are incurred when outside temperatures are below 651F, generally during the winter heating season from October through March. (more…)
Here, the sensitivity of energy demand to climate is measured two ways. The first method uses elasticities that provide simple summ ...
To determine the effects of past climate trends on global energy consumption, the econometric equations providing the degree day el ...
Energy is consumed by various segments of the economy, including households, commercial establishments, manufacturing enterpris ...
Although the focus of many policy studies of climate change is on establishing the causal links between anthropogenic systems, emis ...
Climatologists generally agree that there is accumulating evidence that a warming trend has been occurring since the mid-1960s. The ...